I just tried out editing with new 2.78. Compared to earlier version now I have to right-click a vertex much more close than before to select it. Is there any settings to adjust to make it function as before?
I tried to reproduce this behaviour on deveral OS's, it works the same everywhere. Also nobody experienced this kind of behaviour as well. Probably it is because of some Blender addons or something with the system.
I counted the pixels. Mouse cursor must be 32 or less pixels away from a vertex to make it selected. It is quite all right with 2K or less screens. But it is very small space with 4k screen.